ISTEK

Analytical Solutions of Single Dose Drug Models with Injection Administration: Literature Review

2024-11-08T12:50:51+00:00

This literature review aims to explore the development the Single Dose Injection Models by finding their Analytical Solutions. The most very known single-compartment pharmacokinetic model with first-order elimination was developed by Tang & Xiao in 2007, where the elimination part is modified by the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Years later, in 2015 Wu, Li, & Nekka developed the model by considering simultaneous elimination and drug distribution in the body, then they modified the more complex model through incorporating the endogenous production in 2018. These three models employ differential equations to depict changes in drug concentration, and not only utilize the Lambert W function, the models also introduce the X function to obtain the analytical solutions. The results are expected to provide a deeper understanding of drug dynamics in the body and to serve as a basis for further research and clinical applications in pharmacokinetics as well as to offer the deeper insights into drug delivery within the human body.

Implementation of Rule-Base and Internet Methods of Things Optimizing Water Mangement For Improving Seed Quality

2024-10-03T03:43:19+00:00

System hydroponics Nutrients Film Technique (NFT) is one of the increasingly popular plant cultivation techniques used because it can increase the efficiency of water and nutrient use as well as crop yields. The NFT Hydroponic System has problems that are often faced in the form of control that must be optimal for important parameters like pH, temperature water, And concentration nutrition, so that can influence plant health and growth and need a good environment controlled To avoid decline quality plant or withering plant. Study This design uses Arduino Uno as a center control system monitoring hydroponics NFTs Which in add sensors pH For read value from pH water, sensors TDS used For read density nutrition, sensors temperature DS18B20 used For read temperature water Because own waterproff and water sensor features flow to read the amount of water flow. Data is read by the sensor and Then sent to Firebase through module NodeMCU which has been connected to the Arduino Uno then from Firebase it is created output form information to the user through the application mobile. Results testing done with the use 3 media Which were different as much 60 time experienced 58 successes and 2 failures resulted in a score accuracy of 96.6% of the total testing.

Tempe Made from Green Beans (Vigna radiata L.) and Red Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as Functional Food

2024-11-14T13:51:55+00:00

Tempeh is a traditional Indonesian fermented food that is rich in protein and has various health benefits. This study aims to compare the nutritional content, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity in tempeh made from green beans (Vigna radiata L.) and red beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as functional food. Tempeh is made by fermenting green beans and red beans using Rhizopus oligosporus inoculum. The levels of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, isoflavones, antioxidant activity and water were determined. The content of bioactive compounds such as isoflavones, total phenolic, and flavonoids was measured using the HPLC method. Antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH method. The results showed that green bean tempeh has higher levels of antioxidants and carbohydrates compared to red bean tempeh. Red bean tempeh has higher levels of fat, protein, isoflavones and water. The content of isoflavones in green bean tempeh is much lower than that of red bean tempeh. The antioxidant activity of green bean tempeh is much higher than that of red bean tempeh.

Analysis of Community Structure of Plankton as Bioindikator of Water Quality in Cikapundung River, West Java

2024-10-03T03:42:38+00:00

The Cikapundung River is a sub-river of the Citarum River that is heavily polluted with waste. The presence of waste in the Cikapundung River can cause various environmental problems. Research on plankton community structure analysis needs to be conducted in the Cikapundung River to determine community structure, its relationship with physical and chemical parameters, and water quality conditions. This research was conducted in May-June 2023 using a purposive sampling method at 3 stations with different characteristics. Sampling was done 3 times in each station with an interval of 1 week. The parameters of COD, BOD, Nitrate, and Phosphate were tested at the sampling location and LPKL PDAM. Plankton sampling was done by filtering 6L of water into a plankton net and preserved using 70% alcohol. Plankton identification was carried out at the Integrated Laboratory of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati based on morphological characteristics under a microscope observation. Data on physical and chemical parameters obtained were analyzed using IBM SPSS software version 25.0.0. Then continued with the Spearmann correlation test between physical and chemical parameters and plankton communities. The results showed that there were 46 genus of plankton in Cikapundung River.The highest diversity and evenness values were found at station 3 with mean values of 1.847 and 0.618. The highest dominance value is found at station 1 with a mean value of 0.381. The mean values of the probity index SI and TSI in Cikapundung River are 0.419 and 0.425. There is no real correlation between physical and chemical parameters in the plankton community. The probity index indicates that the Cikapundung River belongs to the β/α mesosaprobic water group with a moderate level of pollution.

Comparison of Antioxidant and Compound Content of Herbal Tea as A Functional Drink for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2024-11-14T14:01:47+00:00

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood. People with Diabetes Mellitus need to regulate blood glucose levels by following a strict medical diet, especially in terms of sugar intake. Herbal plants contain antioxidant compounds that can reduce blood glucose levels. This study generally aims to compare the antioxidant power value and compound content of various types of herbal tea. The method used is a literature study using sources through Science Direct and Google Scholar. The results of the review show that plants that can be used as antioxidants and herbal teas that are useful in preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus from various plants that are used as comparison materials can have potential as antioxidants due to the presence of several secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. 50 Of the plants obtained, those that contain antioxidant activity with the strongest category are soursop leaves (Annona Muricata L.) with an IC value of 9.846 ppm. 50 The antioxidant activity with the weakest category is Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) leaves with an IC value of 812.96 ppm. For a little water content of 1.425% in soursop leaves, which indicates that soursop leaf herbal tea is better consumed by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, it has the potential to be used as an alternative functional drink.

Nutritional And Antioxidant Analysis Of Cookies Made From Sorghum Flour

2024-10-03T03:43:29+00:00

One type of snack that is highly favored by the public is desert. Replacing wheat flour with food that can be produced in Indonesia, such as sorghum, can reduce wheat imports. It is expected that sorghum flour will increase the benefits and nutritional value of cookie products. Wheat flour is one of the main ingredients for making cookies. Sorghum has almost the same nutritional content as wheat flour, therefore sorghum can be used as a substitute for wheat flour in food raw materials. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional content and antioxidants found in cookies made from sorghum flour. Carbohydrate, protein, and fat values as well as antioxidant activity values for the replaced sorghum flour cookies were measured by gravimetric and titrimetric methods. The results met the standards of SNI No.2973-2011 for carbohydrate, fat, and protein tests.