Journal of Contemporary Rituals and Traditions

Review of “The Essential Whitall Perry” by Harry Oldmeadow

Samuel Bendeck Sotillos — 2024-04-19

Whitall N. Perry (1920–2005) deserves wider recognition given the profundity of his insights, and the discernment he displays with respect to humanity’s great wisdom traditions. The editor of this volume has referred to him as “[t]he most authoritative traditionalist of American background” (Oldmeadow, 2000, p. 48). Readers may have encountered Perry’s work through A Treasury of Traditional Wisdom (1971)—a monumental compilation of spiritual texts from all the world’s religions. It is worth citing the following passage taken from the introduction to this landmark publication

Beyond Carvings and Rituals: Unveiling the Ikenga's Role in Modern Igbo Society

Chinyere Ndubuisi — 2024-03-26

Purpose of the Study: This study examines the contemporary significance of the Ikenga, a crucial cultural symbol among the Igbo people of Nigeria, commonly associated with strength, determination, and entrepreneurial drive. Methodology: The study used a qualitative research design and employed semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document analysis to collect data from various participants in Igbo society. These participants included entrepreneurs, community leaders, cultural historians, and spiritual leaders. Main Findings: The research reveals that Ikenga continues to serve as a significant cultural icon, supporting entrepreneurship and symbolizing communal achievements and personal aspirations in contemporary times. Despite the challenges of globalization, Ikenga adapts to maintain its relevance, underpinning socio-economic practices and embodying the enduring Igbo values of resilience and determination. Applications of this Study: The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, cultural practitioners, and scholars, highlighting the importance of integrating cultural heritage into development strategies. This study encourages a multidisciplinary approach to understanding the dynamic interplay between traditional symbols and modern societal roles, offering a model for preserving cultural identity in rapidly changing environments. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This research contributes to the ethnographic literature by offering a contemporary analysis of Ikenga's relevance in Igbo society, beyond its traditional and symbolic interpretations. It underscores the symbol's adaptability and enduring significance, enriching the discourse on the preservation of cultural heritage in the face of globalization and modern challenges.

Syncretism and Cultural Resilience: The Coexistence and Evolution of Traditional Itolimin and Christian Burial Practices in Esanland, Nigeria

Charles Onomudo Aluede — 2024-03-26

Purpose of the Study: This research aims to uncover how traditional second burial rites coexist with and have adapted to Christian funeral norms, reflecting the socio-religious negotiation in a postcolonial context. Methodology: Employing a qualitative ethnographic approach, the study gathered data through semi-structured interviews with local chiefs, elders, and adults, alongside observations and an extensive review of related literature. Participants were selected based on their deep knowledge of Esan customs and involvement in the Itolimin practice. Main Findings: The study revealed that Itolimin, while embracing certain Christian elements, remains a vital cultural practice that reinforces the community's moral and social order. The rite's evolution showcases the Esan people's ability to blend traditional and Christian values, thereby preserving their cultural identity amidst religious changes. This syncretism illustrates the community's broader cultural resilience and adaptation approach in a rapidly changing religious landscape. Applications of this Study: Insights from this study apply to the broader discourse on funeral practices in postcolonial societies, providing a framework for cultural preservation amidst religious transformation. It is relevant for policymakers and public health officials regarding community health and burial practices. The findings also offer a basis for developing contextual theological education that respects indigenous beliefs within Christian teachings. Novelty/Originality: This study provides a unique contribution to the understanding of funeral rituals within African postcolonial societies by documenting the living tradition of Itolimin. It highlights how syncretism acts as a dynamic cultural force, shaping the way communities like the Esan negotiate identity and religious practice in a contemporary Christian-dominated context.

Syncretism and Identity: The Integration of Lutheranism among the Mari People of Bashkortostan, Russia

Alexander Klyashev — 2024-03-27

Purpose of the Study: This study explores the intricate process of religious syncretism and identity transformation among the Mari people of Bashkortostan through the integration of Lutheranism into their traditional and Orthodox Christian practices. Methodology: Employing a mixed-methods approach, this research combines qualitative insights from field observations, interviews, and sociological surveys with quantitative data analysis to examine the impact of Lutheranism on the Mari's ethnic identity, cultural adaptation, and social dynamics. Main Findings: The findings reveal that culturally sensitive missionary strategies, including the use of the Mari language and incorporation of ethnic cultural elements into Lutheran worship, have facilitated the acceptance and integration of Lutheranism among the Mari, leading to the formation of a novel religious identity. This identity reflects a dynamic synthesis of traditional Mari beliefs and Lutheranism, embodying the broader phenomena of adaptation and resistance in a globalizing world. Applications of this Study: This study offers insights into the complexity of religious evolution and the role of syncretism in preserving cultural heritage amidst modern challenges. Novelty/Originality of this Study: The study contributes to the discourse on religious syncretism, cultural adaptation, and the resilience of ethnic identities, offering insights into the complexities of religious evolution and the role of syncretism in preserving cultural heritage amidst modern challenges. The research underscores the significance of intercultural dialogue and the adaptability of religious practices, highlighting the potential for mutual enrichment between global religious traditions and local cultural contexts.

Spiritual and Communal Harmony Through Tarawangsa Traditional Art

Hilda Meylani — 2024-03-31

Purpose of the Study: This research explores how Tarawangsa Art, as a traditional cultural practice, plays a crucial role in strengthening communal identity and spirituality within the Budi Daya community in Cibedug, Lembang, West Java, Indonesia. Methodology: The study adopts a qualitative approach through participatory observation and in-depth interviews with community members, traditional leaders, and practitioners of Tarawangsa Art. Main Findings: The findings reveal that Tarawangsa Art not only acts as an expression of culture and spirituality but also as a crucial pillar in nurturing the community's identity and social cohesion. Integrating cultural expressions, spiritual values, and social dynamics forms a strong foundation for communal togetherness. Additionally, the community's adaptability and resilience in maintaining this tradition demonstrate cultural flexibility and robustness in the face of modernization. Applications of this Study: These findings provide insights for policymakers, educational practitioners, and cultural preservation institutions on the importance of supporting Tarawangsa Art preservation initiatives. Novelty/Originality: This study offers a new perspective on the role of Tarawangsa Art in maintaining communal identity and cohesion in the era of globalization. Through in-depth research on this cultural practice, the study highlights how spirituality and community are interwoven in creating unique cultural adaptations amidst social and economic changes.

Between Tradition and Modernity: Dynamics of Krobo Marriage Rites in the Eastern Region of Ghana

Elizabeth Anorkor Abbey — 2024-03-31

Purpose of the Study: This research delves into the dynamic evolution of marriage rites within the Krobo community in Eastern Ghana, focusing on the 'la-pomi' and 'fia' ceremonies. Methodology: Employing a qualitative approach, the study utilized narrative analysis to capture the intricate perspectives surrounding the 'la-pomi' and 'fia' marriage rites. Twenty-four participants from Krobo-Odumase and its environs, aged between 20 to 60 years, were purposively sampled and interviewed in two phases. Main Findings: The study unveiled a significant transformation in the Krobo marriage rites, from highly structured ceremonies to more adaptable forms blending traditional elements with modern practices. Key factors driving this evolution include urbanization, the influence of Western education, and the interplay with legal frameworks, all contributing to the rites' ongoing adaptation. Despite these changes, a strong commitment to preserving cultural identity remains evident among the Krobo people, showcasing their resilience and innovative approaches to sustaining cultural traditions. Applications of this Study: By highlighting the adaptive strategies employed by the Krobo community, this research contributes to broader discussions on cultural sustainability, identity, and social cohesion in the face of global changes. Novelty/Originality: This research underscores the complex negotiation process between preserving cultural heritage and embracing change, offering a unique perspective on the resilience and dynamism of Krobo cultural practices in a rapidly changing world.