Hukum Pidana Islam sebagai Living Law dalam Masyarakat Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/jaa.v3i1.2958Keywords:
hukum pidana islam, landasan historis, living lawAbstract
Abstrak: Sistem hukum pidana positif yang cenderung memaksakan model hukum pidana Barat yang rigid dan selalu terjebak dalam formalistiknya serta jauh dari nilai-nilai dan karakter bangsa. Sebelum mengenal hukum yang diimpor dari bangsa kolonial Indonesia sudah lebih dahulu memiliki hukum pidana yang kuat dan lama mengakar dalam jiwa bangsa. Penelitian ini berupaya mengkaji jejak historis hukum pidana Islam di Nusantara yang pernah hidup ditengah dinamika masyarakat klasik serta meninjau legitimasi living law dalam hukum pidana Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dengan desain kualitatif pendekatan konseptual, perundang-undangan, dan antropologi yang ditelisik dari studi kepustakaan melalui sumber hukum primer seperti berbagai regulasi nasional dan sumber hukum sekunder ditelisik dari buku, artikel ilmiah yang relevan dengan penelitian kemudian dianalisis secara analitis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan hukum pidana Islam telah lama hidup di Nusantara yang sudah tercatat rapi dengan adanya teks sejarah serta memiliki legitimasi pengakuan dalam regulasi nasional sebagai living law. Adapun kebaruan kajian ini terletak pada rekontekstualisasi sejarah hukum pidana Islam dengan legitimasi regulatif modern sebagai proses mengaktualisasikan memori hukum pidana nasional. Dari sini, kajian ini memberikan landasan argumentatif yang kuat bagi penguatan paradigma penegakan hukum yang tidak hanya legal-formal, tetapi berakar pada sejarah, realitas sosial, serta jiwa hukum masyarakat Indonesia sehingga living law tampil sebagai entitas yang sah, relevan, dan bernilai strategis bagi masa kini.
Kata Kunci: hukum pidana Islam, landasan historis, living law.
Abstract: The positive criminal law system tends to impose a rigid Western criminal law model that is always trapped in formalism and far from the values and character of the nation. Before being introduced to the law imported from the colonial powers, Indonesia already had a strong criminal law that was deeply rooted in the soul of the nation. This study attempts to examine the historical traces of Islamic criminal law in the archipelago, which once flourished amid the dynamics of classical society, and to review the legitimacy of living law in Indonesian criminal law. This research uses a juridical-normative approach with a qualitative design of conceptual, legislative, and anthropological approaches, which are examined from literature studies through primary legal sources such as various national regulations and secondary legal sources examined from books and scientific articles relevant to the research, then analyzed descriptively. The results of this study show that Islamic criminal law has long existed in the archipelago, which has been neatly recorded in historical texts and has legitimacy in national regulations as living law. The novelty of this study lies in the recontextualization of the history of Islamic criminal law with modern regulatory legitimacy as a process of actualizing the memory of national criminal law. From this perspective, this study provides a strong argumentative basis for strengthening the paradigm of law enforcement that is not only legal-formal, but also rooted in history, social reality, and the spirit of Indonesian society, so that living law appears as a legitimate, relevant, and strategically valuable entity for the present.
Keywords: islamic criminal law, historical basis, living law.
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